Journal of Aesthetic & Reconstructive Surgery

Editorial

The integrity of healthy skin is critical for the human body's physiological homeostasis to be maintained. The skin is the body's largest organ system. As a result, it is crucial in the defence against mechanical forces and pathogens, as well as fluid imbalance and thermal dysregulation. At the same time, it allows for flexibility in certain areas of the body to allow joint function, as well as more rigid fixation to prevent shifting of the palm or foot sole. In certain cases, this results in poor wound healing, necessitating medical attention. Wound healing can be hampered by chronic conditions like diabetes or peripheral vascular disease. Acute damage, such as degloving or large-scale thermal injuries, causes the organism to lose skin organ function, making it vulnerable to infections, thermal dysregulation, and fluid loss.

We reviewed the current literature on skin wound healing for this update post, concentrating on the major stages of wound healing, such as inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, angiogenesis, remodelling, and scarring. The reader will be informed about new findings and principles in skin wound healing. The macrophage will be highlighted as a key player in the inflammatory process. Various ideas about how the wound will be closed will be presented during the epithelialization process, such as leapfrogging, lamellipodial crawling, shuffling, and the stem cell niche.

Due to its fundamental effect from the very beginning of skin injury until the end of wound remodelling, neovascularization is an important component in wound healing. The distinct pattern of neovascularization and the unique new roles of the pericyte will be highlighted here. This update will conclude with three high-interest topics in skin wound healing issues: scarring, tissue engineering, and plasma application. Many fundamental pathophysiological processes are still unclear, despite the fact that wound healing mechanisms and basic cell functions in wound repair have been delineated in part. The following update on skin wound healing focuses on the various stages and provides the reader with existing information and new perspectives. Skin wound healing is a complicated process that requires several different cell types and mediators to communicate in a precise temporal series. While some interactions are critical during the healing process, there is a lot of redundancy, so other cells or mediators can take over roles or signalling without causing major problems.